细额沼虾

Macrobrachium gracilirostre  
   

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形态描述

形态特征:额角颇窄而短,约为头胸甲长的一半,向前平伸,末端稍微向下弯,约伸至靠近第一触角柄的末端,但伸不到鳞片的末缘;上缘具9~11齿,有4~6枚位于眼眶后缘的头胸甲上;下缘末端约1/3具2齿。头胸甲平滑,前侧角无小刺。
腹部平滑,第六腹节约为第五腹节的1.5倍,约为尾节长的3/4。尾节的背面具2对刺,前对位于尾节的中部,后对位于前对与尾节末端之间稍靠末端的位置,尾节的末端两侧角具2对刺,外侧刺稍小于内侧刺,末端平截,短于内侧刺。
第二触角鳞片长约为宽的2.8倍,外缘直,外末刺约伸至叶瓣的末缘。
第一对步足指节与掌部约等长,腕节稍小于螯长的2倍,长节约为腕节的3/4~4/5。第二对步足左右螯的形状相似,有时右侧稍大于左侧;两指节均具分散的毛,闭合时指尖不超出相对指的边缘,两指间无空隙;指节短于掌部,约为掌部长的3/4,可动指切缘基部的1/3具2个齿突;不动指基部仅为1个,有时在其前方具4~5个相连的小突起齿;螯约为腕节长的1.5倍;掌部无稠密的短绒毛,横断面呈卵圆形,约等于或稍长于长节;腕节长于掌部;座节与指节近等长。第三对步足腕节约为掌节的2/3,掌节约为指节的3倍,第五对步足似第三对。
体色:头胸甲及尾扇具红棕色及蓝绿色的纵纹,第三腹节背面有一浅棕色的横纹,第5~6腹节的背面具一V字形的斑纹。
体长:80~100mm。
生态:多栖息于溪流的上游河段,常生活于急流的石下。

国外分布

从斐济、马来群岛、菲律宾到琉球群岛

Macrobrachium gracilirostre(Miers,1875)
Bruce A J.1993a.Kakaducaris glabra gen.nov.,sp.nov.,a new freshwater shrimp from the Kakadu National Park,Northern Territory,Australia,Crustacea:Decapoda:Palaemonidae with the designation of a new subfam- ily KakaducarIdinae.Hydrobiologia,268:27~44,figs.1~12 Bruce A J.1993b.Some coral feef Pontoniine shrimps from Vietnam.Asian Marine Biology,10:55~75,figs.1~6
Macrobrachium gracilirostre Holthuis,1959:199
Chace F A,Jr and Bruce A J.1993.The Caridean Shrimps(Crustacea:Decapoda)of the Albatross Philippine Expedi- tion 1907~1910,Part 6:Superfamily Palaemonoidea.Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology,543:i~vii,1~ 252,figs.1~23
De Man J G.1892.Decapoden des Indischen Archipels.In:Weber M.Zoologische Ergebnisse einer Reise in Nieder- landisch Ost-Indien,2:265~527.pls.15~29
Holthuis L B.1950.The Decapoda of the Siboga Expedition Part.10.The Palaemonidae collected by the Siboga and Snellius Expeditions with remarks on other species I. Subfamily Palaemoninae.Siboga-Ex peditie,Monogr. 39a↑10↑:1~268.figs.1~52
Shi J Y and Yu X P.1998.Freshwater shrimps of Taiwan.National Museum of Marine Biology & Aquarium,.1~ 103[施志昀、游祥平,1998.台湾的淡水虾.国立海洋生物博物馆筹备处出版社,1~103]
Huang J J and Yu X P.1982.Studies on the fresh-water shrimps of the genus Macrobrachium(Crustacea,Decapoda, Palaemonidae)from Taiwan.Quarterly Journal of Taiwan Museum,25:157~180,textfigs.1~14,Plates. 1~3.[黄娟娟、游祥平,1982.台湾产淡水长臂虾之研究.台湾省立博物馆科学年刊,25:157~180,图1~ 14,图版1~3]
Kubo I.1941.On some fresh-water shrimps from the Ryukyu Islands.Trans.Biogeogr.Soc.Japan 3(3):303~ 318.pl.20
Ortmann A 1891.Die Decapoden Krebse des strassburger Museum II.Theil Versuch oiner Revision der Gattungen Palaemon sens strict und Bithvnis.Zool.J.Syst.5:693~750.pl.47
Roux J.1934.Notes de carcinologie nelanesienne.Rev.Suisse Zool.41(11):217~234.figs.1~13

国内分布

台湾(台北、台东)

Macrobrachium gracilirostre Holthuis,1959:199
Macrobrachium gracilirostre(Miers,1875)
Roux J.1934.Notes de carcinologie nelanesienne.Rev.Suisse Zool.41(11):217~234.figs.1~13
Holthuis L B.1950.The Decapoda of the Siboga Expedition Part.10.The Palaemonidae collected by the Siboga and Snellius Expeditions with remarks on other species I. Subfamily Palaemoninae.Siboga-Ex peditie,Monogr. 39a↑10↑:1~268.figs.1~52
Ortmann A 1891.Die Decapoden Krebse des strassburger Museum II.Theil Versuch oiner Revision der Gattungen Palaemon sens strict und Bithvnis.Zool.J.Syst.5:693~750.pl.47
De Man J G.1892.Decapoden des Indischen Archipels.In:Weber M.Zoologische Ergebnisse einer Reise in Nieder- landisch Ost-Indien,2:265~527.pls.15~29
Shi J Y and Yu X P.1998.Freshwater shrimps of Taiwan.National Museum of Marine Biology & Aquarium,.1~ 103[施志昀、游祥平,1998.台湾的淡水虾.国立海洋生物博物馆筹备处出版社,1~103]
Kubo I.1941.On some fresh-water shrimps from the Ryukyu Islands.Trans.Biogeogr.Soc.Japan 3(3):303~ 318.pl.20
Huang J J and Yu X P.1982.Studies on the fresh-water shrimps of the genus Macrobrachium(Crustacea,Decapoda, Palaemonidae)from Taiwan.Quarterly Journal of Taiwan Museum,25:157~180,textfigs.1~14,Plates. 1~3.[黄娟娟、游祥平,1982.台湾产淡水长臂虾之研究.台湾省立博物馆科学年刊,25:157~180,图1~ 14,图版1~3]
Bruce A J.1993a.Kakaducaris glabra gen.nov.,sp.nov.,a new freshwater shrimp from the Kakadu National Park,Northern Territory,Australia,Crustacea:Decapoda:Palaemonidae with the designation of a new subfam- ily KakaducarIdinae.Hydrobiologia,268:27~44,figs.1~12 Bruce A J.1993b.Some coral feef Pontoniine shrimps from Vietnam.Asian Marine Biology,10:55~75,figs.1~6
Ortmann A 1891.Die Decapoden Krebse des strassburger Museum II.Theil Versuch oiner Revision der Gattungen Palaemon sens strict und Bithvnis.Zool.J.Syst.5:693~750.pl.47
Chace F A,Jr and Bruce A J.1993.The Caridean Shrimps(Crustacea:Decapoda)of the Albatross Philippine Expedi- tion 1907~1910,Part 6:Superfamily Palaemonoidea.Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology,543:i~vii,1~ 252,figs.1~23